Animoto

Works Cited


"File:Agias Triados Frescos Cross.jpg." Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Web. 29 Apr. 2010. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Agias_Triados_frescos_cross.jpg.

"File:Black Death.jpg." Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Web. 29 Apr. 2010. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Black_Death.jpg.

"File:Black Death.jpg." Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Web. 29 Apr. 2010. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Black_Death.jpg.

"Medieval Sourcebook: Boccaccio: The Decameron - Introduction." FORDHAM.EDU. Web. 29 Apr. 2010. http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/source/boccacio2.html.

Why do you think that the Churches and monasteries became the centers of learning in the Midieval World?

The churches and monasteries became the centers of learning in the Medieval world because people had already looked to the Church for guidence and saw the Church as the leader of their lives. The Church represented a place of peace and security in the world.

The churches also became the centers of learning because many of the clergy of the Church were the only ones who could read and write which was an rare and valueable skill for someone to have.

Works Cited

http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/medieval_church.htm

What was the 12th century Renaissance?

The 12th Century is seen by many as a time of renaissance because it was a period of renewed interest in education and newly founded universities, and a rediscovery of Greek literature, philosophy, and science. It was a time of revival of lively intellectual debate of theology and the import of new knowledge from Arabic sources. There were important cultural developments as well during this century, such as the change from Romanesque art to the Gothic style. Also, this renaissance impacted Christian beliefs and practices and saw the formation of the earliest Crusades. Charles Haskins, a philosopher who wrote about the High Middle Ages in his book The Renaissance of the Twelfth Century said “the twelfth century left its signature on higher education, on the scholastic philosophy, on European systems of law, on architecture and sculpture, on the liturgical drama on Latin and vernacular poetry…”.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renaissance_of_the_12th_century). Another author on the subject, R.N. Swanson, claims in his book The 12th-Century Renaissance that humanism first appeared at this time. Swanson also discusses enlightenment in terms of the contributions of strong women during the 12th century such as Heloise and Marie de France. The great leaders of this period were recognized due to popular opinion. St. Bernard of Clairvaux was seen as a leader in the Church because the people believed in his ideals. Henry II was a respected king because the people believed in his concepts of law and order. Peter Abelard was revered as a great mind because his students believed in his teachings. The 12th century was a renaissance because of a change in the way people were seeing things.






Kreis, Steven. "The 12th Century Renaissance." The History Guide. , 11 October 2006. Web. 26 Apr 2010. (http://www.historyguide.org/ancient/lecture26b.html).



"Renaissance of the 12th Century." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., 12 April 2010. Web. 26 Apr 2010. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renaissance_of_the_12th_century).



Photo from Wikimedia Commons: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Saint_gildas.png

Do people have an inate insticnt to be free?

Throughout history people have been uphappy with being considered less than another human. Whether it was the serfs in the Middle Ages or the slaves in American history. People do have an inate instinct to be free because it is shown throught time by men and women taking their lives into their own hands to get out of the current situation.

One example is Harriet Tubman escaping from being a slave and then leading hundreds of other slaves through the underground railroad because she felt that they deserved to be free and she knew that they had the same feeling.

Another example is the fact that so many people left their homes in the 1900s to come to America to seek freedom, not freedom from physical salvery, but freedom of speech, religion, and press which is represented by the Statue of Liberty and is in the Bill of Rights. The people of America and all over the world have the same instinct to say what they want to, do what tey want, and act how they want to.

Works Cited

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statue_of_Liberty

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Constitution

http://topics.law.cornell.edu/constitution/billofrights

image from: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Statue-de-la-liberte-new-york.jpg

Find examples of French Gothic influence on British architecture

Both of these Cathedrals in France and England have high arches and very spacious ceilings inside.

These catherdrals in Frace and England both have lots of staind glass windows to let light in.

These two Cathedrals both share the two large pillars at the top of the cathedral.

Works Cited

"File:Gloucester Cathedral Interior 013.JPG." Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Web. 26 Apr. 2010. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Gloucester_cathedral_interior_013.JPG.

"File:Interieur2 Kathedraal Laon.JPG." Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Web. 26 Apr. 2010. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Interieur2_kathedraal_Laon.JPG.

"File:NotreDameI.jpg." Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Web. 26 Apr. 2010. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:NotreDameI.jpg.

"File:StDenis Chorumgang.JPG." Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Web. 26 Apr. 2010. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:StDenis_Chorumgang.JPG.

"File:YorkMinsterWest.jpg." Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Web. 26 Apr. 2010. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:YorkMinsterWest.jpg.

France

The two main powers in France were the franks and the Capetians. The Capetians got their power through supportting the church which became the key to all pollitics in Midevil France. In the Middle Ages people began to write on animal hides, these are now called Mideveil manuscripts. 1095. In 1095 the pope orders the first Crusade. Jeruselum had been the considered the center of the world and it was occupied by the Muslims. That area for thousands of year was Islamic and the pope decided to send the European soldiers to kick out the Muslims. This was a major fail because many of the soldiers didnt make it there and what was left was destroyed by the much better Muslim army. The Crusades were very bloody and useless. The Romanesque achitecture age built Catherdrals as massive cassels bcause that it where people would hide if the town got attacked. TheCathedrals had pictures of the final judgement. This imagry is called the Millenium art. The period that follows that starts around the 12th century is the Gothic chitecture. The staind glass is a large part of the Gothic achitechure. This is the opposite of the Romanesque becuase Romanesque was about the dark part of the world and final judgement where the Gothic age was all about the light and good part of art. Theology compliment each other. Another attribute of gothic architecture were the flying butchresses.

Horror Story

In the year 2030, a terrible disease spread all over the world. The disease was caused when a parasite evolved and got into the water supplies of the world. it reproduced rapidly and eventually no water was safe fore drinking. If you drank the water you would become very parinoid and attack anyone that you saw. The only way to avoid getting this disease was to get to a certain river in Africa which is the only place where the water was unaffected. A major problem of the disease that after being infected the disease took full control in 3 hours and then the person died in 12.

About one year after the disease had been found in America, Eruope, Asia, and parts of Africa, and man named Jim decided that he had to get his family out of Autrailia when the disease had been spotted in the Northern parts of Austrailia. He got some of his friends together with their families and they decided that they needed to get to Africa where they though they could wait out the disease which was spreading closer and closer to his town.

About one day into their trip on their way to the coast of Austrailia one his his friends and his family suddenly sprung after Jim and the rest of his group. Unfortunatly, they had to kill his friend and his family to save themselves. About 4 days later they made it to the coast of Austrailia, about everyday someone in his group started to show signs of the disease then attack the other members of the group. Jim, his family, and one of his friend's family,Steve, were the only ones left of the original group. They built a raft and after many long days they made it to the coast of Africa with a little of clean water left and some food to spare.

After their long journey they finally made it the river in Africa where they started a small colony with other people who had made it there. About a month later, they had houses and resources to live when suddenly Jim became parinoid and attacked people in the small village......he had just drank some water 3 hours ago.

Year in Focus-1066

Submission for Class Blog

Could the Roman Empire have risen without the help of slaves?

The Roman Empire, one of the most powerful and vastest empires ever, made up of thousands of people and great leaders and ideas from Julius Caesar to the first Republic ever formed, but how did it get there? The Roman Empire as strong as it was came from humble beginnings as just a small village. With the help of its great leaders, Rome rose to become great. The Roman Empire had many slaves as its inhabitants that did all the work in the fields and fought as gladiators in the Coliseum. The Roman slaves are not included in the Roman history as great, but the slaves undoubtedly played a role in the Romans rise to power in Europe.


The Roman slaves were the keepers of the fields and houses of the Roman patricians, or wealthy class. The slaves were treated almost inhumanly by their masters, receiving lashes for anything and everything that they did or did not do. The scholar John Madden said this about Roman slavery,”(John Madden, Volume 3) Though slavery was a prevailing feature of all Mediterranean countries in antiquity, the Romans had more slaves and depended more on them than any other people.” An estimate shows that almost 1/3 of the entire Roman society was made up of slaves. Although there were so many slaves were treated as the lowest social class in Rome, receiving almost no respect from anyone. Despite poor treatment and no recognition, the slaves were depended on greatly to work the fields year after year and yield great harvests for the Roman Empire. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_slavery#Slavery_in_Rome)


The slaves also served as, as cruel as it sounds, a confidence boost to their masters by making them feel powerful and selling them into the world of being a Gladiator. The Coliseum in Rome is a great building where the gladiators, who were Roman prisoners and slaves, fought against eachother in battle scenes. This provided a source of entertainment to the Roman people. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gladiator)


Many of the slaves kept in Rome ended up serving in the Roman army. With so many slaves in Rome, the number of them serving in the army would have been vast numbers that would have undoubtedly served of great use in battle. The Romans were great fighters and the slaves gave them power in numbers that were used to not only intimidate their enemies, but the slaves were trained to be Roman warriors and good soldiers. The Roman slaves were a great asset to the Romans, laying down their lives to defend a country, which was very often not their own. The Roman slaves showed their great numbers and passion through their revolts in which their fighting skills beat off a Roman force on some occasions. The Roman slaves, described as the rebels, have several documents on their revolts. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Servile_War)


The revolt in Sicily is considered a great revolt of the slaves against their Roman masters, and it is described as this:

18. “Soon after, engaging in battle with a general arrived from Rome, Lucius Hypsaeus, who had eight thousand Sicilian troops, the rebels were victorious, since they now numbered twenty thousand. Before long their band reached a total of two hundred thousand, and in numerous battles with the Romans they acquitted themselves well, and failed but seldom.

19. As word of this was bruited about, a revolt of one hundred and fifty slaves, banded together, flared up in Rome, of more than a thousand in Attica, and of yet others in Delos and many other places. But thanks to the speed with which forces were brought up and to the severity of their punitive measures, the magistrates of these communities at once disposed of the rebels and brought to their senses any who were wavering on the verge of revolt. In Sicily, however, the trouble grew.

20. Cities were captured with all their inhabitants, and many armies were cut to pieces by the rebels, until Rupilius, the Roman commander, recovered Tauromenium for the Romans by placing it under strict siege and confining the rebels under conditions of unspeakable duress and famine: conditions such that, beginning by eating the children, they progressed to the women, and did not altogether abstain even from eating one another. It was on this occasion that Rupilius captured Comanus, the brother of Cleon, as he was attempting to escape from the beleaguered city.” (Diodorus Siculus, Books 34/35. 2. 18-20). These sections of Diodorus Siculus’ accounts of the revolt in Siciliy show the fighting strength of the slaves that was evident in the Roman armies.


The slaves in Rome, considered as scum and treated as if they were not human, proved to be a great strength to the Roman Empire, providing their agricultural products, serving as entertainment as gladiators, and being great soldiers in the Roman military force. Without the help of the slaves in Rome, the Roman Empire would not have been able to rise to the level it did.

Works Cited
"Ancient History Sourcebook: Slavery in the Roman Republic." FORDHAM.EDU. Web. 25 Mar. 2010. .

"First Servile War -." Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Web. 25 Mar. 2010. .

FORDHAM.EDU. Web. 25 Mar. 2010. .

"Gladiator -." Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Web. 25 Mar. 2010. .

"MADDEN: Roman Slavery." Internet Archive: Wayback Machine. Web. 25 Mar. 2010. .

"Slavery in Antiquity -." Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Web. 25 Mar. 2010. .

Article 8: Can You Read a Building?

          Architecture has always been used to define cultures, but how can a building describe a culture? Architecture is a link to the feelings and imaginations of past civilizations. The shape of a building and the design, inside and out, can tell a lot about the time and the people who lived in it just by looking at the building. Two kinds of architecture used in the Medieval Times, Romanesque and Gothic, are very accurate and effective ways of showing what people believed in at the time they were made. The design and components in ancient architecture can be used to tell truths about the past and that is how the modern world is able to “read” a building.

            The Romanesque architecture of churches in the 11^th century was built more like fortresses than churches. These cathedrals had very thick walls and images of Judgment Day. The architecture shows in these cathedrals gives lots of clues about the ideas of the populations in the 11^th century during the Romanesque period. One idea that can be drawn from this is that there was little hope for the people in this time because of the dark cathedrals and images of Judgment Day.  The people looked more on the dark side of life because of the hopeless images and the impending death of everyone on Judgment Day. Another idea that can come from looking at the cathedrals is that the cathedrals were used for other purposes. The thick walls and almost no windows show that the cathedral was also used as a safe house of sorts if attacked by opposing armies (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanesque_architecture). The cathedrals during the Romanesque period in France can tell a lot not only about what they buildings were used for but also the imagination and outlook of the people during that time.

            In the 12^th century during the Gothic period, it seems like the entire population changed their outlook on life. In the Gothic architecture, the images of Judgment Day and thick walls were replaced by stained glass windows, flying buttresses, and very thin walls. The stained glass windows shows that the state of mind of the people changed from ominous to hopeful and that the people were letting the light into their lives and rejoicing. The flying buttresses are unique to the Gothic cathedrals. They were used to make the walls even thinner to allow more stained glass windows (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flying_buttress). The Gothic architecture also had very high arches and ceilings in the cathedrals. This has also been interpreted to the idea that the people had high hopes and high spirits (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gothic_architecture). The Gothic architecture is almost the complete opposite of Romanesque the architecture in both these times can show a lot about the people who lived during them.

            Another example of how a building can be read is to look at the pyramids of Egypt. The Egyptians had cities made specifically for the dead and they built massive tombs for the pharaohs and their family, commonly the pyramids (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyramids). These massive structures can tell us a lot about the people living in that time. The most important idea to take away is that the people living in ancient Egypt had a large focus on death. All of their art and most of the time the people spent was focused on death (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Egypt). Being able to read the pyramids of Egypt has given the modern world a good idea about how the people thought in that time and it has led to a better understanding of the entire Egyptian culture just by “reading” the building made in that time.

            The two time periods that are almost right next to each other have so many differences between each other. The ideas that were portrayed in each kind of art is unique to the ideas of the people and can tell the modern a lot about the ideas of the people and how much the times have changed since then. Looking at buildings, or reading them, has led to many new discoveries about civilizations and he foremost ideas that were prominent in people’s lives can be found just by looking at a buildings because there is always a message to be found in them.

 Works Cited            

"Ancient Egypt." Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Web. 16 Apr. 2010. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Egypt.

"Flying Buttress." Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Web. 16 Apr. 2010. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flying_buttress.

"France, 1000–1400 A.D.
Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History
The Metropolitan Museum of Art." The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York: Metmuseum.org. Web. 16 Apr. 2010. http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/ht/?period=07®ion=euwf#/Key-Events.

"Gothic Architecture." Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Web. 16 Apr. 2010. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gothic_architecture.

"Pyramid." Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Web. 16 Apr. 2010. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyramids.

"Romanesque Architecture." Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Web. 16 Apr. 2010. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanesque_architecture.

Describe the Medieval Imagination

The Medieval imagination changed a lot over the years. The two main divisions in their imaginations was between the Romanesque and Gothic Architecture periods and the imagination was shown in the architecture. In the Romanesque period, the imagination was very hopeless and looking towards death because of the many depictions of Judgement Day. The people were also pariniod because of the way the churches were designed. The churches were built like fortresses because people were afraid of being attacked and when they were that was the 'safe house' of sorts.

Conversely, the Gothic imagination was very different. In the Gothic period people were rejoicing and having a newfound hope in their religion. This was shown by the new bright lit churches, with flying butchresses and lots of stained glass windows. This was the opposite of the Romanesque period because of the new, more hopeful imagination shared by people all over Europe.

Works Cited:

"Gothic Architecture." Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Web. 16 Apr. 2010. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gothic_architecture.

"Romanesque Architecture." Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Web. 16 Apr. 2010. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanesque_architecture.

How was the Medieval concept of power and equality different from our contemporary concept?

Unfortunatly in today's society there is still inequality and bad treatment between social classes, but society has come a long way since the treatment of eachother. In the middle ages, people were judged purely on their social class and could never work their way up, if you were born a peasant, or serf, you would stay a serf for life. In today's world people can do great things from very humble beginings, so in that aspect there is a large difference in these two time periods.

The idea that power and money has never gone away though. In the Midevil world the same concepts persisted that if you were more powerful than another, that somehow makes you better than them and you could control them. This concept is still in the world today just as it was in the Midevil times.

Another big difference in power and equality is the fact that you could do whatever you wanted to your serfs that you owned which is very much unlike today. This quotation shows how cruel a master could be to his slaves and they couldnt do anything about it: "For if, as was customary, a slave held a burning candle before him at dinner, he caused his shins to be bared, and placed the candle between them until the flame died; and he caused the same thing to be done with a second candle until the shins of the torchbearer were burned. But if the slave tried to cry out, or to move from one place to another, a naked sword threatened him; and he found great enjoyment in the man's tears."(http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/source/575Rauching.html)The physical abuse of those under you in social class is no longer present in today's society as it was in the 11th century.

The concepts of power and equality have been brought into a better light in today's world with better treatment of people and social classes but the great divide between races and social classes will never be fully restored.

Works Cited
"Medieval Sourcebook: Gregory of Tours: Harsh Treatment of Serfs and Slaves, C." FORDHAM.EDU. Web. 14 Apr. 2010. .

"Slavery." Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Web. 14 Apr. 2010. .

What would St. Benedict have thought of the monasteries that followed his rules by 800 AD?

St. Benedict was trying to stabilize the Roman area after the downfall of the Roman Empire. He wrote a book of rules on how to humble and obedient members of the church. He also wrote rules about how to be a helpful member of your community and how to run a ministry in the correct way. St. Benedict would have thought that the monasteries were doing well if they followed the rules he wrote. He also would have thought that the people were good members of their community. He would have respected them. The Church had been entirely corrupted and destroyed the Lords who owned its land. The church reform needed to be put into effect for the laws that St. Benedict created could be imposed. He would have done everything he could to make the reform successful. Because of how the churches were corrupted St. Benedict would have been disappointed with how the church was being run in Europe.

Citation: "Benedict of Nursia - Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia."

Did Gothic architecture reflect a change in Church theology?

When the Church's theology changed from the bleak waiting for Judgement Day, so did the architecture. This architecture was called Gothic architecture. The church's new outlook was a new found hope in Christianity. When the church had a brighter, happier outlook the Gothic architecture followed. The new Gothic churches had more stained glass than ever and even flying buttresses were built to allow for even thinner walls to build in more stained glass windows. The pictures of Judgement Day and thick walls were replaced by large stained glass windows and high arches in the Gothic period. The Gothic architecture was a direct result of the new church's outlook in the Middles Ages.

Works Cited:

"Gothic Architecture." Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Web. 16 Apr. 2010. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gothic_architecture.

"Romanesque Architecture." Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Web. 16 Apr. 2010. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanesque_architecture.

Tour of Notre Dame de Paris

The outside view of Notre Dame de Paris, the Western Facade

The great Bourbon Bell

The Portal of the Virgin

The beautiful Organ used in the Church















Images from:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:NotreDameI.jpg
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Notre_Dame_Paris_front_facade_lower.jpg
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Organ_of_Notre-Dame_de_Paris_.jpg
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:FW_Glocke_Emmanuel.jpg